Stove



(No'ModeL) BLAGKMAN,

Stove.

No. 236,665. Patented Jan. 18, 1881 I H fi lv V N. PETERS,PHOTQ-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. 0 c.

UNITED STATES EBENEZER BLAOKMAN, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

STOVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 236,665, dated January18,1881.

Application filed April 6,1880.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EBENEZER BLACKMAN, of Brooklyn, in Kings county, andState of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inStoves, of which the following is a specification.

My improvements relate to small stoves of the kind which are used forutilizing oil or gas as fuel.

The object of the improvements is to provide astove which may readily bealtered so as to burn either oil or ordinaryilluminating-gas, such as issupplied to houses in large towns and in cities.

To this end one of my improvements consists in the combination, in astove, of a wicktube of annular or hollow form, a cap therefor, a burnersuitable for the combustion of gas, and a pipe or conduit for the gas tosaid burner.

Another improvement consists in the combination, in a stove, of awick-tube of annular or hollow form, a cap fitting over and closing thetip of the same, a tube extending through the same into the inner shellof the wick-tube, a burner suitable for the combustion of gascommunicating with said tube, and a pipe or conduit for conducting gasto said tube.

Another of myimprovements consists in the combination, in a stove, of awick-tube of annular or hollow form, having its inner wall open at thebottom, a cap for said wick-tube, a burner suitable for the combustionof gas, a tube communicating with said burner extending down inside theinner shell of said wicktube and open at the bottom, and a pipe orconduit for conveying gas to said tube.

In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated my improvements inconnection witha stove for which were granted to me Letters Patent ofthe United States numbered 197,318, dated November 20, 1877, and203,994, dated May 21, 1878. Though I prefer using my presentimprovements in connectionwith this stove,

I do not restrict saidimprovements to use therewith.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a central vertical section of a stove andappurtenances embodying my present improvements. Fig.

2 is a horizontal section thereof, and Fig. 3 is a horizontal section ofthe heating-drum of such stove.

(No model.)

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all thefigures.

A designates an oil-reservoir supported on legs a, so as to have anair-space belowit; and B designates a wick-tube of annular form,composed of two shells arranged one concentrically within the other, andreceiving and holding an annular wick, 0, between them. The outer shellof this wick-tube extends only to the top of the reservoir, but theinner shell extends to the bottom of the reservoir, and there provisionis afforded by it for the free passage of air through it from below thereservoir to the point of combustion.

The Wick C may be adjusted by means of spring-jaws D, which embrace thewick inside the reservoir, and may be raised or lowered by means of ascrew, E, which engages with a stock, from which they extend, and isaccessible at the top of the reservoir. A spreader, F, consisting of aflattened bar accessible from the top of the reservoir and fittingbetween the free ends of the jaws D, provides for opening them andholding them open to allow of the raising or lowering of thejawsindependently of the wick, to take a new hold thereof in a differentposition. A deflector, G, contracted upward towards the tip of thewick-tube and open at the bottom, directs air to the outside of the tipof the wick, and a deflector, H, arranged within the wick-tube andflaring outwardly toward the tip thereof, directs air to the inside ofthe tip of the wick.

I designates a combustion-chamber arranged just above the tip of thewick, wherein the flame from the wick .is maintained. Preferably thesides of this chamber are provided with transparent panels or windows,I), through which the flame may be seen to ascertain its condition.Above this chamber is a supporting-flange, J, provided with an upturnedrim, K, for supporting a superimposed article such, for instance, as aheating-drum, L, hereinafter to be described.

M designates a cap, which may be of sheet metal or other suitablematerial, which fits snugly over the tip of the Wick-tube, butpreferably so that it may be easily placed upon or removed from thesame.

N designates a tube, shown nearly as large as the inside of thewick-tube B, and having a perforated diaphragm at the top, but open atthe bottom. It passes through the cap M, and may be aflixed to the sameor loosely fitted in an opening therein.

0 designates a pipe leading from outside the reservoir A to near thebottom of the wicktube 13, and having an outlet-aperture, c, oppositeand near to the bottom of said wicktube. This pipe may be connected, bya flexible rubber tube or 0th erwise,with a gas-fixture, so as toconduct gas therefrom to the tube N. The tube N is surmounted byaflange, N, (shown as flaring outward,) and fitted to the diaphragm is acap or deflector, which flares outward and upward into close proximitywith the top of said flange, and leaving a constricted annular spacebetween it and said flange, whence a film of gas may issue and burn.These devices in effect constitute a gas-burner.

I desire it to be distinctly understood that the cap M and tube N may bereadily removed from the wick-tube when the latter is to be used, andmay be as readily replaced when gas is to be used.

P designates an extension from the flange J, containing a passage orflue, Q, extending from said flange outward, a return passage or flue,Q, extending below the former to near the chamber I, and a passage orflue, Q extending from the said passage or flue Q outward again .to anoutlet, Q. A removable cover is placed over the top of the rim Kin lieuof the drum L, and the products of combustion, leaving thecombustion-chamber I, pass outward through the flue Q, thence inwardthrough the flue Q close to the flame, whereby they are reheated, thenceoutward again through the flue Q and out of the outlet Q Vessels orarticles to be heated may be arranged on the extension P or inapot-hole, l fitted with a removable cover therein, as well as over therim K, and the products 0t @0111,

bustion, pursuing a devious course through the flues Q, Q, and Q are notonly made to act Very efl'ect-ively in heating, but, by being reheatedwhile passing in close proximity to the flame, have their combustibleingredients consumed, and before their escape are rid of noxious odors.The outer end of this extension may be supported on a stand or leg, R,to afford it stability.

When the stove is to be used for heating an apartment the drum ismounted on the flange J, and the products of combustion ascend throughthe interior of the drum, pass thence downward through an externalpassage or flue,

L, ascend thence through an external passage or flue, L and pass thencedown through an external passage or flue, L escaping from the lower endthereof into the atmosphere. In passing from the flue L into the flue Lthe products of combustion are brought into close proximity to theflame, and being reheated are rid of noxious odors, so that when theyescape from the drum they do not cause unpleasantness.

The flues L L L are formed by cylindrical casings S S S which surroundthe drum L, one outside the other, and it will be seen that the casingS, which separates the flue L from the flue L extends nearly to thebottom of the space between the drum L and the casing S, and that,therefore, the heated air is carried down under the lower edge of thecasing Sand in contact with the heated bottom of the drum, whereby ahigher degree of heat of the air is attained.

The drum L may be made of sheet metal, and will, owing to its largeheating-surface, effectively utilize the heat evolved in the stove. Itmay be readily removed from the stove at will.

It will be seen that by my invention I produce a stove which may he usedfor oil or gas at pleasure.-

NVhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

1. The combination, in a stove, of a wicktube of annular or hollow form,a cap therefor, a burner suitable for the combustion of gas, and a pipeor conduit for gas to the burner, substantially as specified.

2. The combination, in a stove, of a wicktube of annular or hollow form,a cap fitting over and inclosing the tip of the same, a tube extendingthrough the same into the inner shell of the wick-tube, a burnersuitable for the combustion of gas communicating with said tube, and apipe or conduit for conducting gas to said tube, substantially asspecified.

3. The combination, in a stove, of a wicktube of annular or hollow form,having its inner wall open at the bottom, a cap for said wick-tube, aburner suitable for the combustion of gas, and a tube communicating withthe said burner extending down inside the inner shell of the wick-tubeand open at the bottom, and a pipe or conduit for conveying gas to saidtube, substantially as specified.

EBENEZER BLAGKMAN.

Witnesses:

A. O. WEBB, CHANDLER HALL.

